Scientific Research Institute Presents Innovative Strategy for Managing Soil Salinity in Muscat - Sarmad

A delegation from the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR) reviewed its innovative strategic framework for managing soil salinity in agricultural lands, aimed at supporting food security, during its participation in the Arab Innovators and Creators Conference in the Omani capital, Muscat.

Dr. Amal Al-Kandari, a participating researcher at the Institute’s Center for Environmental and Life Sciences Research and head of the delegation, told the Kuwait News Agency (KUNA) on Wednesday that she and other members of the Center’s Food Security Program participated in the conference proceedings to highlight the challenge of soil salinity, which plagues most Gulf countries.

She added that she and the architects of the strategy, titled “Kuwait’s Innovative Strategy for Managing Soil Salinity in Agricultural Lands to Support Food Security,” are persistently working to secure its official adoption before its dissemination across the region, emphasizing their commitment to finding permanent solutions to what she termed the “silent crisis.”

In this regard, she noted that healthy soil and good-quality water form the “cornerstone” of agricultural production and food security, pointing out the threat posed by “soil salinization” amid increasing climate variability, growing pressure on freshwater resources, and rising evaporation rates.

Al-Kandari stated that salinization is no longer just a local agricultural problem but has become a “strategic national challenge requiring a coordinated response.” She pointed out that a soil salinity assessment in the Northern Agricultural Area (Abdali) revealed that salt levels in more than 95 percent of the farms included in the study reached “alarming levels,” putting optimal crop production and food security “at risk,” thereby necessitating the development of a strategy for agricultural land management.

She affirmed that the evidence-based strategic framework represents a “pivotal shift” from limited immediate treatments to a “comprehensive and proactive approach” for assessing and managing agricultural land salinity, thereby improving farm productivity in Kuwait.

For his part, KISR researcher Dhafer Al-Shamari told KUNA that the prepared strategy offers a comprehensive “roadmap” for multiple stakeholders, including researchers, extension service providers, farmers, and policymakers, to build collective consensus that enhances the productivity of irrigated farms under saline conditions across various agricultural systems in Kuwait for the sake of food security.

He added that the strategy would equip Kuwaiti farmers and national extension services with the appropriate knowledge and skills to help them use their farm resources sustainably by selecting crops tailored to salinity levels.

For her part, KISR researcher Shikha Al-Zamil told KUNA that one of the main objectives of the strategy is the optimal use and efficient management of soil and groundwater resources by adopting integrated (physical, chemical, hydrological, and biological) methods to rehabilitate salt-affected farms, alongside preparing the groundwork for decision-makers and extension services.

Regarding the soil salinity assessment in the Abdali region, Al-Zamil explained that it was conducted after 100 soil samples were collected from a depth of 0 to 30 centimeters from 100 farms, and the samples were then analyzed to measure the electrical conductivity of saturated soil paste extracts.

She noted that out of the 100 farms, 98 were affected by salinity at the specified depth in the Abdali agricultural area, with salinity levels ranging from moderate to very high.

Regarding the key observations noted prior to drafting the strategic framework, KISR researcher Abdulrahman Al-Anzi told KUNA that soil salinization in both surface and sub-surface layers was observed in the Abdali agricultural area, where semi-saline water was used to irrigate crops.

He clarified that as a result, vegetation has disappeared, as “the surface salt crust is clearly visible, alongside stunted plant growth and the absence of fruit production or fruits that are smaller than usual in date palms, while plants were found either dead or on the verge of death in saline patches.”

According to those overseeing the strategy, its implementation ensures the continuity of local food production by adopting a policy of updating irrigation with slightly saline groundwater, mapping soil and water risks, transitioning to salt-tolerant crops, adopting nature-based soil amendments, and integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to monitor salinity in targeted farms.

In this regard, they emphasized the need to encourage farmers to recycle agricultural waste into organic fertilizers through composting, mulching, and bioremediation to preserve organic carbon in the soil, curb salt accumulation, and enhance beneficial microbial activity in highly arid environments.

They also stressed the importance of organizing specialized training on salinity assessment, soil management and conservation, sustainable use of soil and water resources, adoption of salt-tolerant crop varieties, modern water-saving practices, diversification of crop rotations, and efficient drainage management.

Yesterday, Monday, marked the start of the Arab Innovators and Creators Conference, aimed at exploring mechanisms to support the transition from idea to product, enhancing the innovation and patent environment, and building sustainable Arab cooperation networks, with participation from a delegation of the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research and Kuwait University.

The Omani Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation organized the three-day conference in collaboration with the Omani National Commission for Education, Culture and Science, the Arab Open University, and in coordination with the Arab Organization for Education, Culture and Science (ALECSO), attended by a select group of Arab innovators, experts, specialists, researchers, and entrepreneurs.