Makkah Forges Deterrence: When Power Becomes a Path to Peace

In Makkah al-Mukarramah, pivotal moments are never fleeting; some places do not merely preserve the memory of an event, but imbue it with its deeper significance. On August 7, 2026, Makkah hosted the signing of the “Makkah Agreement for Joint Defense” between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan. This step elevates cooperation among the three nations to an advanced level of mutual deterrence, based on the principle that an armed attack on any one of them is considered an attack on all. …