Why do migraine attacks increase in the summer?

Migraine sufferers are more prone to attacks in the summer due to the convergence of several triggering factors. The main migraine triggers in summer include heat, stuffiness, sudden changes in temperature and atmospheric pressure, and dehydration. Doctors note that migraine is a type of primary headache, a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of severe, throbbing head pain. The pain is usually unilateral, ranges from moderate to severe, and worsens with physical exertion. Attacks are often accompanied by other symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and heightened sensitivity to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia). Each 5°C increase in air temperature is associated with an approximately 19% rise in the risk of a migraine attack. High temperatures contribute to elevated body temperature and vasodilation, while the body loses fluids more rapidly in hot weather. Moreover, people tend to alter their usual daily routines in summer, sleeping later and skipping meals, as heat reduces appetite. All these factors increase the likelihood of migraine attacks in susceptible individuals. Simple preventive measures should be adopted in summer, such as maintaining hydration, not missing meals, avoiding excessive heat exposure, wearing a hat and sunglasses, and trying to keep a regular sleep schedule even during vacations. Of course, it is impossible to eliminate all triggers completely, but their impact can be reduced. If migraine attacks recur regularly, such as four or more times per month, lifestyle modifications alone may not be sufficient. In such cases, it is advisable to discuss preventive treatment options with a physician, who can help reduce the frequency and severity of attacks. Currently, alongside non-pharmacological measures, pharmacological treatments are available, including gepants. However, adhering to healthy lifestyle principles—such as adequate sleep, regular meals, maintaining fluid balance, and moderate physical activity—remains an important part of prevention. Source: gazeta.ru